Which of the following exemplifies proper separation of duties?
A
Explanation:
This is an example of Separation of Duties because operators are prevented from modifying the
system time which could lead to fraud. Tasks of this nature should be performed by they system
administrators.
AIO defines Separation of Duties as a security principle that splits up a critical task among two or
more individuals to ensure that one person cannot complete a risky task by himself.
The following answers are incorrect:
Programmers are permitted to use the system console. Is incorrect because programmers should not
be permitted to use the system console, this task should be performed by operators. Allowing
programmers access to the system console could allow fraud to occur so this is not an example of
Separation of Duties..
Console operators are permitted to mount tapes and disks. Is incorrect because operators should be
able to mount tapes and disks so this is not an example of Separation of Duties.
Tape operators are permitted to use the system console. Is incorrect because operators should be
able to use the system console so this is not an example of Separation of Duties.
References:
OIG CBK Access Control (page 98 - 101)
AIOv3 Access Control (page 182)
Which of the following is not a logical control when implementing logical access security?
C
Explanation:
Employee badges are considered Physical so would not be a logical control.
The following answers are incorrect:
userids. Is incorrect because userids are a type of logical control.
access profiles. Is incorrect because access profiles are a type of logical control.
passwords. Is incorrect because passwords are a type of logical control.
Which one of the following authentication mechanisms creates a problem for mobile users?
A
Explanation:
Anything based on a fixed IP address would be a problem for mobile users because their location and
its associated IP address can change from one time to the next. Many providers will assign a new IP
every time the device would be restarted. For example an insurance adjuster using a laptop to file
claims online. He goes to a different client each time and the address changes every time he
connects to the ISP.
NOTE FROM CLEMENT:
The term MOBILE in this case is synonymous with Road Warriors where a user is contantly traveling
and changing location. With smartphone today that may not be an issue but it would be an issue
for laptops or WIFI tablets. Within a carrier network the IP will tend to be the same and would
change rarely. So this question is more applicable to devices that are not cellular devices but in some
cases this issue could affect cellular devices as well.
The following answers are incorrect:
mechanism with reusable password. This is incorrect because reusable password mechanism would
not present a problem for mobile users. They are the least secure and change only at specific
interval.
one-time password mechanism. This is incorrect because a one-time password mechanism would
not present a problem for mobile users. Many are based on a clock and not on the IP address of the
user.
challenge response mechanism. This is incorrect because challenge response mechanism would not
present a problem for mobile users.
Organizations should consider which of the following first before allowing external access to their
LANs via the Internet?
D
Explanation:
Before a LAN is connected to the Internet, you need to determine what the access controls
mechanisms are to be used, this would include how you are going to authenticate individuals that
may access your network externally through access control.
The following answers are incorrect:
plan for implementing workstation locking mechanisms. This is incorrect because locking the
workstations have no impact on the LAN or Internet access.
plan for protecting the modem pool. This is incorrect because protecting the modem pool has no
impact on the LAN or Internet access, it just protects the modem.
plan for providing the user with his account usage information. This is incorrect because the question
asks what should be done first. While important your primary concern should be focused on security.
Which of the following would assist the most in Host Based intrusion detection?
A
Explanation:
To assist in Intrusion Detection you would review audit logs for access violations.
The following answers are incorrect:
access control lists. This is incorrect because access control lists determine who has access to what
but do not detect intrusions.
security clearances. This is incorrect because security clearances determine who has access to what
but do not detect intrusions.
host-based authentication. This is incorrect because host-based authentication determine who have
been authenticated to the system but do not dectect intrusions.
Controls to keep password sniffing attacks from compromising computer systems include which of
the following?
C
Explanation:
To minimize the chance of passwords being captured one-time passwords would prevent a password
sniffing attack because once used it is no longer valid. Encryption will also minimize these types of
attacks.
The following answers are correct:
static and recurring passwords. This is incorrect because if there is no encryption then someone
password sniffing would be able to capture the password much easier if it never changed.
encryption and recurring passwords. This is incorrect because while encryption helps, recurring
passwords do nothing to minimize the risk of passwords being captured.
static and one-time passwords. This is incorrect because while one-time passwords will prevent
these types of attacks, static passwords do nothing to minimize the risk of passwords being captured.
Kerberos can prevent which one of the following attacks?
B
Explanation:
Each ticket in Kerberos has a timestamp and are subject to time expiration to help prevent these
types of attacks.
The following answers are incorrect:
tunneling attack. This is incorrect because a tunneling attack is an attempt to bypass security and
access low-level systems. Kerberos cannot totally prevent these types of attacks.
destructive attack. This is incorrect because depending on the type of destructive attack, Kerberos
cannot prevent someone from physically destroying a server.
process attack. This is incorrect because with Kerberos cannot prevent an authorzied individuals from
running processes.
In discretionary access environments, which of the following entities is authorized to grant
information access to other people?
D
Explanation:
In Discretionary Access Control (DAC) environments, the user who creates a file is also considered
the owner and has full control over the file including the ability to set permissions for that file.
The following answers are incorrect:
manager. Is incorrect because in Discretionary Access Control (DAC) environments it is the
owner/user that is authorized to grant information access to other people.
group leader. Is incorrect because in Discretionary Access Control (DAC) environments it is the
owner/user that is authorized to grant information access to other people.
security manager. Is incorrect because in Discretionary Access Control (DAC) environments it is the
owner/user that is authorized to grant information access to other people.
IMPORTANT NOTE:
The term Data Owner is also used within Classifications as well. Under the subject of classification
the Data Owner is a person from management who has been entrusted with a data set that belongs
to the company. For example it could be the Chief Financial Officer (CFO) who is entrusted with all of
the financial data for a company. As such the CFO would determine the classification of the financial
data and who can access as well. The Data Owner would then tell the Data Custodian (a technical
person) what the classification and need to know is on the specific set of data.
The term Data Owner under DAC simply means whoever created the file and as the creator of the file
the owner has full access and can grant access to other subjects based on their identity.
What is the main concern with single sign-on?
A
Explanation:
A major concern with Single Sign-On (SSO) is that if a user's ID and password are compromised, the
intruder would have access to all the systems that the user was authorized for.
The following answers are incorrect:
The security administrator's workload would increase. Is incorrect because the security
administrator's workload would decrease and not increase. The admin would not be responsible for
maintaining multiple user accounts just the one.
The users' password would be too hard to remember. Is incorrect because the users would have less
passwords to remember.
User access rights would be increased. Is incorrect because the user access rights would not be any
different than if they had to log into systems manually.
Who developed one of the first mathematical models of a multilevel-security computer system?
C
Explanation:
In 1973 Bell and LaPadula created the first mathematical model of a multi-level security system.
The following answers are incorrect:
Diffie and Hellman. This is incorrect because Diffie and Hellman was involved with cryptography.
Clark and Wilson. This is incorrect because Bell and LaPadula was the first model. The Clark-Wilson
model came later, 1987.
Gasser and Lipner. This is incorrect, it is a distractor. Bell and LaPadula was the first model.