The number of runs required by a full-factorial design with three factors each at two levels is equal to
B
Explanation:
In a full-factorial design with three factors, each at two levels, the total number of runs required is
calculated by 2n2^n2n, where nnn is the number of factors. For three factors, 23=82^3 = 823=8.
Thus, 8 runs are required to cover all possible combinations of factor levels.
Reference:
"Design and Analysis of Experiments" by Douglas C. Montgomery
ASQ Quality Glossary
In a failure mode and effects analysis (FXIEA). the focus should be on
D
Explanation:
In Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA), the focus should be on implementing corrective actions
on items that have high Risk Priority Numbers (RPN) or high severity values. The RPN is calculated by
multiplying the severity, occurrence, and detection ratings, and it helps prioritize which failure
modes need immediate attention.
Reference:
"Failure Modes and Effects Analysis (FMEA): A Guide for Continuous Improvement for the ISO 9000
and QS 9000" by D.H. Stamatis
ASQ guidelines on FMEA
Which of the following tools can be used to determine the best option from many choices based on
their importance and merits?
D
Explanation:
A prioritization matrix is a tool that helps determine the best option from many choices based on
their importance and merits. It evaluates and prioritizes different options using specific criteria and
assigns scores to facilitate decision-making.
Reference:
"The Quality Toolbox" by Nancy R. Tague
ASQ Quality Tools
Which of the following statements is true regarding a failure mode and effect analysis (FMEA)?
C
Explanation:
A Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) is used to identify and prioritize potential failure modes in
a system and their effects. The advantage of FMEA is its ability to communicate risk effectively to
different stakeholders, ensuring that everyone is aware of potential issues and their impacts,
facilitating better decision-making and risk mitigation.
Reference:
"Failure Mode and Effect Analysis: FMEA from Theory to Execution" by D.H. Stamatis
ASQ guidelines on FMEA
If a quality engineer discovers a situation in which unlabeled finished product could be shipped to
customers, what would be an appropriate preventive action to take?
C
Explanation:
If a quality engineer discovers a situation where unlabeled finished product could be shipped to
customers, the appropriate preventive action is to form a team to error-proof the process. This
involves identifying and eliminating the root causes of the issue to prevent recurrence, ensuring that
processes are robust and error-free.
Reference:
"The Lean Six Sigma Pocket Toolbook" by Michael L. George, David Rowlands, Mark Price, and John
Maxey
ASQ guidelines on preventive actions
The risk priority number (RPN) is determined by the
D
Explanation:
The Risk Priority Number (RPN) in FMEA is determined by the product of the frequency of
occurrence, severity, and detection ratings. This multiplication helps in quantifying the risk
associated with each potential failure mode, allowing for prioritization of corrective actions based on
the highest risk areas.
Reference:
"Failure Modes and Effects Analysis (FMEA): A Guide for Continuous Improvement for the ISO 9000
and QS 9000" by D.H. Stamatis
ASQ guidelines on FMEA
The relationship between factors can be displayed using which of the following tools?
B
Explanation:
A Matrix Diagram is a tool used to display the relationship between different factors. It helps in
identifying and analyzing the presence and strength of relationships among two or more sets of
items. This tool is valuable in quality management as it can help identify the factors that are most
influential in a process, thereby assisting in prioritizing areas for improvement.
Reference:
ASQ Quality Press: The Quality Toolbox.
Total Quality Management by Dale H. Besterfield.
The table below shows the results of inspecting 3,752 items. On the basis of this information, a
Pareto chart would show what cumulative percent of nonconformities by the end of the third
operation?
Order of Operation
Number of Nonconforming Items
Percent of Nonconforming Items
Percent of Nonconformities
1-
372
9.9% 55.0%
2nd
156
4.2% 23.3%
3 rd
2.1% 11.7%
4*
1.3% 7.2%
5th
0.5% 2.8%
Calculator
A.16.2%
B. 21.7%
C. 78.3%
D. 90.0%
C
Explanation:
To determine the cumulative percent of nonconformities by the end of the third operation using the
given data, we sum the percent of nonconformities for the first three operations:
1st operation: 55.0%
2nd operation: 23.3%
3rd operation: 11.7%
Cumulative percent of nonconformities by the end of the third operation = 55.0% + 23.3% + 11.7% =
90.0% Hence, the correct answer is 90.0%.
Reference:
ASQ Certified Quality Engineer Handbook.
Quality Management for Organizational Excellence by David L. Goetsch and Stanley Davis.
Statistical process control was originated by
D
Explanation:
Statistical Process Control (SPC) was originated by Walter A. Shewhart. Shewhart introduced the
concept of control charts in the 1920s while working at Bell Laboratories. His pioneering work laid
the foundation for the field of quality control and process management.
Reference:
Statistical Method from the Viewpoint of Quality Control by Walter A. Shewhart.
ASQ Quality Press: The Certified Quality Engineer Handbook.
Which of the following elements describes the combination of the severity and probability of
occurrence of harm?
C
Explanation:
Risk describes the combination of the severity and probability of occurrence of harm. In the context
of quality management, risk assessment involves evaluating both how severe the potential harm
could be and the likelihood of it occurring, to manage and mitigate potential failures effectively.
Reference:
Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) by ASQ Quality Press.
ISO 31000: Risk Management Guidelines.