amazon AWS Certified Advanced Networking - Specialty practice test

A company is using custom DNS servers that run BIND for name resolution in its VPCs. The VPCs are
deployed across multiple AWS accounts that are part of the same organization in AWS Organizations.
All the VPCs are connected to a transit gateway. The BIND servers are running in a central VPC and
are configured to forward all queries for an on-premises DNS domain to DNS servers that are hosted
in an on-premises data center. To ensure that all the VPCs use the custom DNS servers, a network
engineer has configured a VPC DHCP options set in all the VPCs that specifies the custom DNS servers
to be used as domain name servers.
Multiple development teams in the company want to use Amazon Elastic File System (Amazon EFS).
A development team has created a new EFS file system but cannot mount the file system to one of its
Amazon EC2 instances. The network engineer discovers that the EC2 instance cannot resolve the IP
address for the EFS mount point fs-33444567d.efs.us-east-1.amazonaws.com. The network engineer
needs to implement a solution so that development teams throughout the organization can mount
EFS file systems.
Which combination of steps will meet these requirements? (Choose two.)

• A. Configure the BIND DNS servers in the central VPC to forward queries for efs.us-east- 1.amazonaws.com to the Amazon provided DNS server (169.254.169.253).
• B. Create an Amazon Route 53 Resolver outbound endpoint in the central VPC. Update all the VPC DHCP options sets to use AmazonProvidedDNS for name resolution.
• C. Create an Amazon Route 53 Resolver inbound endpoint in the central VPUpdate all the VPC DHCP options sets to use the Route 53 Resolver inbound endpoint in the central VPC for name resolution.
• D. Create an Amazon Route 53 Resolver rule to forward queries for the on-premises domain to the on-premises DNS servers. Share the rule with the organization by using AWS Resource Access Manager (AWS RAM). Associate the rule with all the VPCs.
• E. Create an Amazon Route 53 private hosted zone for the efs.us-east-1.amazonaws.com domain. Associate the private hosted zone with the VPC where the EC2 instance is deployed. Create an A record for fs-33444567d.efs.us-east-1.amazonaws.com in the private hosted zone. Configure the A record to return the mount target of the EFS mount point.

An ecommerce company is hosting a web application on Amazon EC2 instances to handle
continuously changing customer demand. The EC2 instances are part of an Auto Scaling group. The
company wants to implement a solution to distribute traffic from customers to the EC2 instances.
The company must encrypt all traffic at all stages between the customers and the application servers.
No decryption at intermediate points is allowed.
Which solution will meet these requirements?

• A. Create an Application Load Balancer (ALB). Add an HTTPS listener to the ALB. Configure the Auto Scaling group to register instances with the ALB's target group.
• B. Create an Amazon CloudFront distribution. Configure the distribution with a custom SSL/TLS certificate. Set the Auto Scaling group as the distribution's origin.
• C. Create a Network Load Balancer (NLB). Add a TCP listener to the NLB. Configure the Auto Scaling group to register instances with the NLB's target group.
• D. Create a Gateway Load Balancer (GLB). Configure the Auto Scaling group to register instances with the GLB's target group.

A company has two on-premises data center locations. There is a company-managed router at each
data center. Each data center has a dedicated AWS Direct Connect connection to a Direct Connect
gateway through a private virtual interface. The router for the first location is advertising 110 routes
to the Direct Connect gateway by using BGP, and the router for the second location is advertising 60
routes to the Direct Connect gateway by using BGP. The Direct Connect gateway is attached to a
company VPC through a virtual private gateway.
A network engineer receives reports that resources in the VPC are not reachable from various
locations in either data center. The network engineer checks the VPC route table and sees that the
routes from the first data center location are not being populated into the route table. The network
engineer must resolve this issue in the most operationally efficient manner.
What should the network engineer do to meet these requirements?

• A. Remove the Direct Connect gateway, and create a new private virtual interface from each company router to the virtual private gateway of the VPC.
• B. Change the router configurations to summarize the advertised routes.
• C. Open a support ticket to increase the quota on advertised routes to the VPC route table.
• D. Create an AWS Transit Gateway. Attach the transit gateway to the VPC, and connect the Direct Connect gateway to the transit gateway.

A company has expanded its network to the AWS Cloud by using a hybrid architecture with multiple
AWS accounts. The company has set up a shared AWS account for the connection to its on-premises
data centers and the company offices. The workloads consist of private web-based services for
internal use. These services run in different AWS accounts. Office-based employees consume these
services by using a DNS name in an on-premises DNS zone that is named example.internal.
The process to register a new service that runs on AWS requires a manual and complicated change
request to the internal DNS. The process involves many teams.
The company wants to update the DNS registration process by giving the service creators access that
will allow them to register their DNS records. A network engineer must design a solution that will
achieve this goal. The solution must maximize cost-effectiveness and must require the least possible
number of configuration changes.
Which combination of steps should the network engineer take to meet these requirements? (Choose
three.)

• A. Create a record for each service in its local private hosted zone (serviceA.account1.aws.example.internal). Provide this DNS record to the employees who need access.
• B. Create an Amazon Route 53 Resolver inbound endpoint in the shared account VPC. Create a conditional forwarder for a domain named aws.example.internal on the on-premises DNS servers. Set the forwarding IP addresses to the inbound endpoint's IP addresses that were created.
• C. Create an Amazon Route 53 Resolver rule to forward any queries made to onprem.example.internal to the on-premises DNS servers.
• D. Create an Amazon Route 53 private hosted zone named aws.example.internal in the shared AWS account to resolve queries for this domain.
• E. Launch two Amazon EC2 instances in the shared AWS account. Install BIND on each instance. Create a DNS conditional forwarder on each BIND server to forward queries for each subdomain under aws.example.internal to the appropriate private hosted zone in each AWS account. Create a conditional forwarder for a domain named aws.example.internal on the on-premises DNS servers. Set the forwarding IP addresses to the IP addresses of the BIND servers.
• F. Create a private hosted zone in the shared AWS account for each account that runs the service. Configure the private hosted zone to contain aws.example.internal in the domain (account1.aws.example.internal). Associate the private hosted zone with the VPC that runs the service and the shared account VPC.

A company has multiple AWS accounts. Each account contains one or more VPCs. A new security
guideline requires the inspection of all traffic between VPCs.
The company has deployed a transit gateway that provides connectivity between all VPCs. The
company also has deployed a shared services VPC with Amazon EC2 instances that include IDS
services for stateful inspection. The EC2 instances are deployed across three Availability Zones. The
company has set up VPC associations and routing on the transit gateway. The company has migrated
a few test VPCs to the new solution for traffic inspection.
Soon after the configuration of routing, the company receives reports of intermittent connections for
traffic that crosses Availability Zones.
What should a network engineer do to resolve this issue?

• A. Modify the transit gateway VPC attachment on the shared services VPC by enabling cross- Availability Zone load balancing.
• B. Modify the transit gateway VPC attachment on the shared services VPC by enabling appliance mode support.
• C. Modify the transit gateway by selecting VPN equal-cost multi-path (ECMP) routing support.
• D. Modify the transit gateway by selecting multicast support.

A company is using a NAT gateway to allow internet connectivity for private subnets in a VPC in the
us-west-2 Region. After a security audit, the company needs to remove the NAT gateway.
In the private subnets, the company has resources that use the unified Amazon CloudWatch agent. A
network engineer must create a solution to ensure that the unified CloudWatch agent continues to
work after the removal of the NAT gateway.
Which combination of steps should the network engineer take to meet these requirements? (Choose
three.)

• A. Validate that private DNS is enabled on the VPC by setting the enableDnsHostnames VPC attribute and the enableDnsSupport VPC attribute to true.
• B. Create a new security group with an entry to allow outbound traffic that uses the TCP protocol on port 443 to destination 0.0.0.0/0
• C. Create a new security group with entries to allow inbound traffic that uses the TCP protocol on port 443 from the IP prefixes of the private subnets.
• D. Create the following interface VPC endpoints in the VPC: com.amazonaws.us-west-2.logs and com.amazonaws.us-west-2.monitoring. Associate the new security group with the endpoint network interfaces.
• E. Create the following interface VPC endpoint in the VPC: com.amazonaws.us-west-2.cloudwatch. Associate the new security group with the endpoint network interfaces.
• F. Associate the VPC endpoint or endpoints with route tables that the private subnets use.

An international company provides early warning about tsunamis. The company plans to use IoT
devices to monitor sea waves around the world. The data that is collected by the IoT devices must
reach the company’s infrastructure on AWS as quickly as possible. The company is using three
operation centers around the world. Each operation center is connected to AWS through Its own
AWS Direct Connect connection. Each operation center is connected to the internet through at least
two upstream internet service providers.
The company has its own provider-independent (PI) address space. The IoT devices use TCP protocols
for reliable transmission of the data they collect. The IoT devices have both landline and mobile
internet connectivity. The infrastructure and the solution will be deployed in multiple AWS Regions.
The company will use Amazon Route 53 for DNS services.
A network engineer needs to design connectivity between the IoT devices and the services that run
in the AWS Cloud.
Which solution will meet these requirements with the HIGHEST availability?

• A. Set up an Amazon CloudFront distribution with origin failover. Create an origin group for each Region where the solution is deployed.
• B. Set up Route 53 latency-based routing. Add latency alias records. For the latency alias records, set the value of Evaluate Target Health to Yes.
• C. Set up an accelerator in AWS Global Accelerator. Configure Regional endpoint groups and health checks.
• D. Set up Bring Your Own IP (BYOIP) addresses. Use the same PI addresses for each Region where the solution is deployed.

A company is planning a migration of its critical workloads from an on-premises data center to
Amazon EC2 instances. The plan includes a new 10 Gbps AWS Direct Connect dedicated connection
from the on-premises data center to a VPC that is attached to a transit gateway. The migration must
occur over encrypted paths between the on-premises data center and the AWS Cloud.
Which solution will meet these requirements while providing the HIGHEST throughput?

• A. Configure a public VIF on the Direct Connect connection. Configure an AWS Site-to-Site VPN connection to the transit gateway as a VPN attachment.
• B. Configure a transit VIF on the Direct Connect connection. Configure an IPsec VPN connection to an EC2 instance that is running third-party VPN software.
• C. Configure MACsec for the Direct Connect connection. Configure a transit VIF to a Direct Connect gateway that is associated with the transit gateway.
• D. Configure a public VIF on the Direct Connect connection. Configure two AWS Site-to-Site VPN connections to the transit gateway. Enable equal-cost multi-path (ECMP) routing.

A network engineer must develop an AWS CloudFormation template that can create a virtual private
gateway, a customer gateway, a VPN connection, and static routes in a route table. During testing of
the template, the network engineer notes that the CloudFormation template has encountered an
error and is rolling back.
What should the network engineer do to resolve the error?

• A. Change the order of resource creation in the CloudFormation template.
• B. Add the DependsOn attribute to the resource declaration for the virtual private gateway. Specify the route table entry resource.
• C. Add a wait condition in the template to wait for the creation of the virtual private gateway.
• D. Add the DependsOn attribute to the resource declaration for the route table entry. Specify the virtual private gateway resource.

A company operates its IT services through a multi-site hybrid infrastructure. The company deploys
resources on AWS in the us-east-1 Region and in the eu-west-2 Region. The company also deploys
resources in its own data centers that are located in the United States (US) and in the United
Kingdom (UK). In both AWS Regions, the company uses a transit gateway to connect 15 VPCs to each
other. The company has created a transit gateway peering connection between the two transit
gateways. The VPC CIDR blocks do not overlap with each other or with IP addresses used within the
data centers. The VPC CIDR prefixes can also be aggregated either on a Regional level or for the
company's entire AWS environment.
The data centers are connected to each other by a private WAN connection. IP routing information is
exchanged dynamically through Interior BGP (iBGP) sessions. The data centers maintain connectivity
to AWS through one AWS Direct Connect connection in the US and one Direct Connect connection in
the UK. Each Direct Connect connection is terminated on a Direct Connect gateway and is associated
with a local transit gateway through a transit VIF.
Traffic follows the shortest geographical path from source to destination. For example, packets from
the UK data center that are targeted to resources in eu-west-2 travel across the local Direct Connect
connection. In cases of cross-Region data transfers, such as from the UK data center to VPCs in us-
east-1, the private WAN connection must be used to minimize costs on AWS. A network engineer has
configured each transit gateway association on the Direct Connect gateway to advertise VPC-specific
CIDR IP prefixes only from the local Region. The routes toward the other Region must be learned
through BGP from the routers in the other data center in the original, non-aggregated form.
The company recently experienced a problem with cross-Region data transfers because of issues with
its private WAN connection. The network engineer needs to modify the routing setup to prevent
similar interruptions in the future. The solution cannot modify the original traffic routing goal when
the network is operating normally.
Which modifications will meet these requirements? (Choose two.)

• A. Remove all the VPC CIDR prefixes from the list of subnets advertised through the local Direct Connect connection. Add the company's entire AWS environment aggregate route to the list of subnets advertised through the local Direct Connect connection.
• B. Add the CIDR prefixes from the other Region VPCs and the local VPC CIDR blocks to the list of subnets advertised through the local Direct Connect connection. Configure data center routers to make routing decisions based on the BGP communities received.
• C. Add the aggregate IP prefix for the other Region and the local VPC CIDR blocks to the list of subnets advertised through the local Direct Connect connection.
• D. Add the aggregate IP prefix for the company's entire AWS environment and the local VPC CIDR blocks to the list of subnets advertised through the local Direct Connect connection.
• E. Remove all the VPC CIDR prefixes from the list of subnets advertised through the local Direct Connect connection. Add both Regional aggregate IP prefixes to the list of subnets advertised through the Direct Connect connection on both sides of the network. Configure data center routers to make routing decisions based on the BGP communities received.